A More Hopeful Tomorrow

In a quiet corner of a classroom, a teacher sits in tears. She is carrying the weight of a story that has become far too common: a father of a student, a man who lived for his daughter’s future, was detained by ICE. He was disappeared from the life he helped build for his daughter.

Today, this is the reality in Saint Paul. We see it when American citizens feel the need to carry passports to the grocery store, as if their own skin isn’t enough proof of their belonging. We see it in the empty desks of students whose parents have decided that the safety of four walls is better than the risk of a school bus. And we hear it most clearly in the voice of a child who, when asked about a birthday celebration, simply says, “We cannot do anything because of immigration.”

When a child views “immigration” not as a civics lesson, but as the reason her birthday cake stays unlit, we have to ask ourselves: Is this the community we promised to build?

While some choose to spend their time denigrating our neighbors, I still find myself holding onto hope. I see it in organizations that have served immigrants long before the current crises – like COPAL and Unidos. Hope in the solidarity of educators demanding action and who refuse to let their students feel alone. And the hope of young people themselves, willing to organize, educate, and advocate for change. Hope, after all, isn’t a lottery ticket we hold; it’s the muscle we build by standing together.

people walking on gray concrete road during daytime

The Dissonance of Our District

But hope requires more than individual courage; it requires institutional integrity. I work for Saint Paul Public Schools—a district that tells the world:

At Saint Paul Public Schools (SPPS), our mission is both bold and simple: to inspire students to think critically, pursue their dreams and change the world.

Yet, right now, there is a painful dissonance between those words and our actions. When a group of high schoolers—the very young people we’ve told to “change the world”—organized a training to help their neighbors understand their constitutional rights, they were told by the district it was not allowed.

We cannot tell our students to be leaders on Monday and then punish their leadership on Tuesday. I don’t write this to cast blame, but to highlight a systemic failure. When we work in silos, when we let fear or bureaucracy dictate our response to a crisis of the soul, we fail the very families who trust us.

Beyond the moral dissonance lies a cold, fiscal reality. In Minnesota, school funding follows the student. Every time a desk sits empty because a family is too afraid to cross the threshold of a school, the district loses the vital state aid required to keep our doors open. By failing to prioritize our immigrant students, we aren’t just losing our soul—we are effectively de-funding our own classrooms.

To bridge this gap, we must move from reactive despair to proactive infrastructure. Here is the road map for a district that leads:

1. Form a standing committee dedicated to serving immigrant families.

We have incredible people across this district—teachers, counselors, social workers, and organizers—who are doing the work of a dozen people each. Currently, immigrant support is treated as a niche issue, leaving educators to carry the emotional and logistical labor in isolation. We need to form a standing committee with folks from across the district who are dedicated to serving our immigrant families. When we unify our resources and share the emotional labor, we don’t just work more efficiently; we remind every educator that they aren’t carrying this weight alone.

2. Codify a policy of belonging.

Our Superintendent, Dr. Stanley, has spoken often about the power of belonging, but our attendance policies were built for a low-risk environment. Currently, our policies effectively punish families for their own victimization. We must implement Inclusive Attendance Reform, moving away from automatic “drops” for students forced into the shadows. If we don’t decouple physical presence from enrollment status during times of crisis, we are incentivizing families to leave the district entirely. Inclusive Attendance Reform is more than a gesture of kindness; it is a retention strategy that ensures SPPS remains the district of choice for our city’s diverse population.

Whether it’s through adaptive attendance reform or the “Sanctuary School” model of creative communication and understanding, our message must be clear: Your seat is still here. You are still one of us.

3. Create more alternative education opportunities for immigrant students.

As a math teacher, I’ve experienced the challenge that arises when a student misses weeks of instruction. It’s a mountain that feels impossible to climb. But we are an innovative district. Let’s use that innovation to create alternative pathways for students who are afraid to leave their homes. This isn’t about “remedial” work; it’s about providing high-level, critical thinking opportunities that meet students where they are—ensuring that a crisis of safety doesn’t become a crisis of opportunity.

4. Create dedicated space in the Online School for immigrant students.

We have the tools. We have the Online School. Let’s use them strategically to build a robust, high-quality digital space specifically designed for those for whom the physical classroom has become a place of anxiety. By expanding its reach and staffing it with educators adept at serving immigrant families and using technology to bridge cultural divides, we create a high-quality “Public Option” for education that is decoupled from the physical risks of the street—a beacon available for students across the entire state.

The Call to Lead

The way we overcome despair is by building a community that is as organized as the forces that seek to tear it apart. We are not asking SPPS to do something new; we are asking it to be who it says it is.

I encourage our leaders—both in the boardrooms and the classrooms—to work together, and if you are an educator, a parent, or a neighbor, share this and ask your school or Board leadership: What is our plan for the desks that sit empty today?

Let us create a district and community grounded in the realities of today and the vision of a more hopeful tomorrow.

Note: This blog post was written in full by myself and then adapted based on editorial assistance using Google Gemini.

Do you have any questions for us?

These are a list of questions to ask schools in an interview to make sure the school is the right fit for you and that you can be as knowledgeable as possible when you start the role.

Staff Culture + School Organization

  1. What is the staff culture like – is it more collaborative or more independent? How do teachers collaborate?
  2. How is the school organized/structured (teams/departments)? Why?
  3. How do you collect feedback from teachers? What do you do with that feedback?
  4. How are decisions made at the school? (Ex: How were schedules planned for distance learning?)
  5. How do you spend PD time?
  6. What opportunities exist for teacher leadership? How can teachers make change in the school?
  7. Is there a culture of observation at the school? What does that look like?
  8. How is the schedule determined? Why?

Student Support

  1. What structures for student support exist? How are Ss needs’ supported? Who on staff (in addition to teachers) is available to support students? 
    1. Follow up: Do you have an advisory system? What does it look like? (If not) how is student support structured?
  2. What resources are available to students who are struggling?
  3. Is push-in support available? From who? How is this organized?
  4. What supports are available for English learners and/or recent immigrants?
  5. What percentage of your students fail classes? Why do you think they fail?
  6. Who do you think are the school’s least-served students? What is the school doing to support them?
  7. How are students celebrated at school?
  8. Different ways of asking one question around behavior:
    1. What is your school’s model for handling behavioral challenges? 
    2. What is your school’s disciplinary model? 
    3. What happens at your school when a student is having challenges in class or a bad day? 
    4. How are behavioral challenges managed at the school level? How are relationships maintained? 
    5. Ask for an example?

Equity and Identity

  1. How does your school implement systems/structures to ensure equitable learning for all? How do staff work to disrupt inequities in their classroom/their own practice?
  2. How are teachers pushed to examine their identity and how their decisions support/disrupt inequities in their practice?
  3. How are issues of race/class/gender/identity discussed among staff? 
  4. How are issues of academic and/or social status addressed in (and out) of the classroom?

Policies/Rules

  1. Are there any policies around behavior and/or attendance that have led to conflict and/or been changed over time? What policies/why? What might be changed in the future?
  2. What policy has been particularly difficult?
  3. Cell phones????
  4. What does the end of the semester look like? Summative assessments? Exams, portfolios? Celebrations?
  5. Is there a grading policy? What is the philosophy around grades? What are teachers asked to do?
  6. Who decides policy or restrictions around ______ (EL, special ed, etc)? What are the constraints for teachers?
  7. Is there tracking? How? Why?

General Big Questions

  1. What are the biggest problems/challenges at your school? What are you doing to fix these?
  2. What are your school’s strengths? 
  3. What do you hope to change/work on in the future? What’s in the plans for the next few years?
  4. How do you build community at school? What does positive school culture look like?
  5. What does family engagement look like?
  6. What are your school values? How are they enacted?
  7. How do you work to honor Ss in school and make them feel smart / make them feel like they belong?
  8. What in your opinion makes an extraordinary teacher? What are you looking for in your teachers?
  9. What are some books you would recommend to better understand your school?

To ask students

  1. What do you like?
  2. What do you wish you could change? Magic wand…
  3. Do you feel successful?
  4. What is a problem in your school? 
  5. What is important to your teachers/Do your teachers care about you? 
  6. Do you think your school is fair?
  7. Rules? 

Making Expectations Clear for Students

One of the biggest learnings I had as a teacher is that EVERYTHING needs to be taught, modeled, and explicitly shared with students. As a new teacher I expected students knew how to enter the classroom, complete classwork during work time, and work with others.

It turns out each of those and so much more need to be explicitly modeled and taught. I learned to never assume that students knew how to do what I expected of them. I came to find it equally important that I teach student HOW to learn as much as WHAT to learn.

It’s a long process to figure out what works for you and your students. In the effort of thinking about how to share some of these practices and earlier reflections, I recently returned to some of my template slides I used to ensure students knew exactly what I was expecting of them. Starting class, working in groups, even turning in homework – I had a go-to template slide for all of them, so that by the end of the year students would see the slide and know exactly what to do and what to expect. I encourage anyone to browse, copy, or edit any they would find helpful.

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1kqGAWYxoqLTcAYE6HQBnVsQ4AtwUTMN_SaNt3ghMqnA/edit?usp=sharing

Possible Do-Nows/ Warm Up Activities

1. Making observations. What do you notice? What do you wonder?

  • Provide something straight forward and familiar for students to engage with but allow for space for deepen the conversation mathematically.
  • In the example below, some students might say “I see squares” and “I see rectangles”. That’s the most basic observation. Others might also point out the colors or wonder why some are different colors or different shapes.
  • If this is an introduction to a new concept, you can leave it wide open. If it is a review of the day’s previous skill you can gear the conversation toward the math ideas or vocabulary you practiced the day(s) prior.

2. Disappearing Words

Think of six to seven vocabulary words or mathematical expressions you expect students to be using. Write them on the board in marker. (Note: it might be helpful for yourself to have the list in order on a paper in your hand.)

Tell the students they are going to practice some math vocabulary and test their memories. First, model by reading each of the words out loud (this helps students hear proper pronunciation).

Then, explain that the entire class is going to say the words together but need to wait until I point to the word. I point to the first word and the class repeats it. I do the same for the next few but then pause to make sure they are waiting to say the word until I point to it. (Note: otherwise there will be a few kids that read through the whole list quickly and ruin the activity). Continue until the class says all of the words.

Now, you choose a students to pick one of the words. Once they pick it, you erase that word from the whiteboard and tell them that we are going to say the words again but we have to remember the word that was erased and say it when I point to the blank space. After doing another round, ask another student another word that should be erased. Run through it again until all of the words are erased. In that final round, you are pointing to multiple blank spaces on the board where the words once were and students are repeating the words and trying to remember what the order is.

Have some fun with this! This allows students to practice saying the important vocabulary and storing it in their memory. Obviously, you still need to work on what they mean and how to apply them, but it’s a great way to start class and introduce/ remind students of the explicit mathematical language that is expected in class.

3. Split Dictation

A split dictation is a chance for students to practice speaking, writing, and listening to math vocabulary (and English, in general, for multilingual learners). It’s an excellent way for students to get a quick introduction to a unit or a lesson by talking with a peer rather than hearing it from the teacher.

How: First, write a short paragraph that explains an important overview of a unit or lesson (2 – 5 paragraphs). Keep sentences short to the point so it is accessible for all reading levels and English proficiency.

Then, make a copy of the paragraph – one will be read by partner A and the other will be read by partner B. Go through partner A’s copy and find a handful of words that you deem mathematical or at least connected to the academic language needed for the unit or lesson. Delete those words and leave a blank space in the paragraph where the students can write the word.

Finally, look at partner B’s paragraph and find alternative words to delete and leave a blank space.

Tell students: Partner A will read first. When they get to a blank space, partner B will have the word on their page and need to share with partner A. Partner A will write down the word and then continue reading, filling in the missing words with the help of partner B along the way. When partner A finishes, partner B will read their paragraph and ask partner A to share any words needed for their blank spaces.

For partners that finish early, ask them to identify any words that are new to them or which ideas they think will be the most important from the paragraph.

4. Estimation

After watching a video, viewing a photo, or listening to a prompt or audio clip, ask students to make an estimation. The estimate will set up the math that will follow in the lesson and begin with a conversation where all students have access to share their answer and attempt to support it with evidence.

5. Leveled Reading

Give students a chance to come in and read about what they will be engaging in today. The reading gives students a chance to be grounded and gives the teacher a chance to check in with students as they come in. Recognizing students might be at different reading levels and English proficiency, create a few different levels available to students. Be careful not to assume which level students would like – give them the choice and you’ll be delightfully surprised how many students want the added challenge.

6. Partner Practice

Rather than having problems up on the board and expecting students to complete them in their notebook, turn it into a partner activity.

7. Card Sort

Card sorts are a great way for students to make sense of what they’ve learned . It can be a way of looking for patterns or identifying key features of visual representations.

Card sorts can ask students to match the algebraic expression with the written form of the expression in words.

Another is to give an image and ask the students to sort them into common groups. For example – “sort into graphs with (1) positive slopes, (2) a slope of zero, and (3) negative slopes”. You could also show tables, graphs, equations, and a story and the students’ job is to find which combinations are matches. There are quite a few possibilities for card sorts.

We will not be silent.

Teachers and everyone need to stand up and speak out.

They need to have the conversation – first with themselves, then others – to let people know where they stand. The number of people that say “I don’t want to make the news” in fear rubs me the wrong way, although I completely understand the sentiment.

We are Americans that have freedom of speech. We are all responsible for our words and actions; but if we are silent now, how can we take pride in what we believe when it’s easy?

We show who we are in the moments of trial. This is a moment of trial.

Listen to others, speak your truth, and expect criticism. Like any muscle, we must continue to develop our ability to stand strong for what we believe and be there for each other in community when we find ourselves attacked for what we believe.

We can no longer be afraid to speak up in meetings. If there is something or someone that you love that is under attack, now is your time to lead. Even something as simple as saying, “I disagree” without further explanation can begin to curb the worst excesses we may soon experience.

Let me make the news, and let us stand as shield for one another. We have a right to free speech, we have a the right to pursue a more perfect union, and I will fight along side my brothers and sisters of this country for these rights. We will not be silent. We are the United States of America. We are Americans.

Group work in math class?

Here’s an email I quickly wrote sharing my general ideas of group work with another math teacher. Similar ideas from a few years back can be found here.

Nice to meet you. Group work is a process that takes time to develop, especially if other teachers in your school don’t lean into the structures as much. I recommend trying it on and seeing if a small group of other teachers are willing to try it out too.

Here are the group roles I use.  

image.png

I lean heavily on task managers to get the group started quickly. If you’re curious about the cups I use for resource managers reach out @ulrichedu. While the kids are doing group work I usually narrate what I want to see the different managers should be doing/ saying like “group managers, check in with the group and make sure everyone understands. If people are copying they may not understand.”
I also try before we start to share the norms for the given activity as well as the math ideas students will need to be successful. Here’s an example from today: 

image.png

Here’s an example of a reading guide I gave out today: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1RGcFv-MDFtkaq5EQDqLx1lwE8f1r8W351c5IeCQLIPI/edit?usp=sharing
I also modeled the positive things groups were doing with Mr. Pinsky (online tool – see this for more) and wrote some Huskies (PBIS) to celebrate the strong work I saw. It’s a process and takes time in a classroom to develop the culture, especially if your team isn’t as aligned around group work strategies.
Always happy to share resources or chat. Let me know if you’d like to connect more or collaborate in the future! @ulrichedu

A Letter to California

Thank you.

The time spent with you, I will remember all my life. Both in my memories and in the way I bring myself into the world; my life is forever altered by spending time with you and the people that call you home.

My first memories of the drive were breathtaking. The small river tucked away in the mountains; the giant redwoods wider than my car; the expansive bridge that glimmered in the bay. Needless to say, you made a lasting first impression.

But then, I felt as if I didn’t belong. Somehow everyone else seemed to belong; but not me. I smiled and tried to fit in, to work hard, to say the right things. California is not Wisconsin.

I found myself lighting up when I saw an Illinois license plate, making friends with people from Minnesota and Michigan. What was happening? You see, people from Wisconsin have beliefs about people from Illinois, from Minnesota. That they are different; that they are other. And yet, you brought us together; you showed us how similar we are; how much we are the same.

Soon, you taught me to value the things that make people different. I thought that my Christian identity didn’t have a place with you and at times people saw me as an outsider, but soon I realized one’s identity was nothing to hide in the shadows; on the contrary, it should be shared, explored, and celebrated. I learned to feel a renewed sense of pride as a Christian, and now have a deep sense of honoring people’s differences and traditions whether they share my own or not.

You opened my eyes.

By bringing together people different than myself, with different life experiences, you opened my eyes to the human beauty in this world. Across culture, across language, across sexual-orientation, gender, or geography, you placed in my life people willing to share their stories and to push me to learn more about myself and the world. At first, these differences made me uncomfortable, but soon I realized at the core of discomfort lies strength.

You opened my eyes to the possibilities of nature. The highest and coldest mountain peaks, the lowest and hottest valley basins. The majesty that makes you feel small and insignificant while at the same time leaving you in awe and thankful for time on this Earth. The rivers that bend; the pines that sway; the trails that go on forever. Over each hill and around each bend you opened my eyes to an unending horizon of beauty and possibility.

You gave me the confidence to create change.

I came to you with a quest to change the world; to change the country. I quickly learned that change has long been sought and many have tried with little success, or at least, you taught me success may look different than imagined.

You taught me that creating change does not happen over night. As the mountain and valleys form slowly, we too spend our lives taking small steps toward change. You taught me the strength and power in diversity and solidarity; the voice of the many; the voice of the forgotten. You showed me that I may not have all the answers and that listening to others is just as important as speaking up.

I am grateful for our time together and the adventures I had with you. You challenged me, you left me in awe. I felt success. I felt failure. I felt alive.

Thank you.

The intersection of anti-racism and my Christian faith

White person at a rally for social justice holding a sign that says "silence is violence".

For those of you that know me, you probably know I teach high-school math. Perhaps you know I teach in San Francisco or at a school for recent-immigrants. You also may know I identify as a white male.

For some of you, what you may not know is that I am committed to and interested in up-ending the systems that perpetuate the advantages of some and disadvantages of others. I am particularly interested in learning how to change systems that disproportionally harm black and brown students and families – including my place in perpetuating these harms. I strive to be an anti-racist.

For others of you, what you may not know is that my Christian faith is a cornerstone of who I am and what motivates me to do what I do and form the relationships I do. Listening to stories from the Bible and particularly music that tells the story of grace, forgiveness, community, and those that God asks to lead inspire me and bring me peace.

As an anti-racist, I try to broaden my perspectives. This year I’ve enjoyed reading the perspectives of Bettina Love’s, We Want to Do More Than Survive, Ibram X. Kendi’s How to Be an Antiracist, and Jose Antonio Vargas’ Dear America. Although, I admittedly didn’t finish the book, I began reading White Fragility, as well. I engage with a group of white educators to talk about our identities and how it intersects with the students we teach – predominantly students of color. All of this work is a good start, but I’ve found the real work (and difficult work) happens in the day-to-day work and conversations with other educators.

This past few weeks I have been part of a few conversations where I was pushed to think about my own place in perpetuating the problems that exist in these systems. Both of the comments were given by people of color in response to what I shared. Whether they intended it to or not I ended up grappling with it for a while and feeling a few things – somewhere between defensive and shitty.

It wasn’t until a day or two after these conversations when I was on a run that I started to meaningfully reflect. For whatever reason, I threw on the Worship Now Spotify playlist and the song Grave Into Gardens came on.

I’m not afraid
To show You my weakness
My failures and flaws
Lord, You’ve seen them all
And You still call me friend
‘Cause the God of the mountain
Is the God of the valley
There’s not a place
Your mercy and grace
Won’t find me again

For the first time, I thought about how the beautiful message of God’s love for us intersects with antiracism work: not as an excuse to continue in ignorance, but to seek conversations that push us to grow, feel uncomfortable, and – at times – defensive and shitty. Knowing at the end of the day the Lord knows my weaknesses even before I do and still calls me friend is an invitation to continue this difficult but important work; to break the systems that continue to disadvantage some and build a world that honors all people.

Anti-racism work is difficult and, speaking in the skin I’m in, makes me feel defensive and like a shitty person from time to time. I think grace is the missing puzzle piece; unearned forgiveness. I find it in my Christian faith and the words of the Bible, but for those non-Christians still devoted to anti-racist work I think it’s still important to offer the same grace to each other – not to stand still or not engage in the work, but to challenge ourselves to move forward and despite our failures and flaws still call each other friend.

Support for Beginning Teachers

The goal of this post is to organize and share different teaching fellowships that equip beginning teachers with the skills, relationships, and support to become skilled educators and leaders at their sites. Please share other opportunities! We can organize and make a long list of ways to give support for beginning teachers.

1. Hollyhock Fellowship Program (U.S.)

Cohorts of teachers attending Hollyhock fellowship.
(photo credit: Stanford Hollyhock website)

Features

  • A 2-year program of professional development
    • ​2 weeks in residence each summer at Stanford University with workshops focused on teaching one’s core content area & examining issues of equity in schools
    • Online coaching sessions throughout each school year with expert practitioners & peers
  • A $2000 stipend for participation
  • Travel, room, and board expenses paid during each summer residency
  • 18 Continuing education units (Each CEU is equivalent to 10 hours of PD)

Requirements – High school in U.S. (English, Math, Social Studies, Science)

  • Between 2-7 years of teaching experience in science, math, history/social science, or English
  • A teaching position at a high school where >50% of students qualify for free and reduced lunch
  • 2-4 other teachers from their same school apply (maximum team size is 5 including applicant)

2. Knowles Teaching Fellowship (U.S.)

Three teachers looking at a computer screen together.

Features

  • Supports early-career teachers for five full years because learning to teach well requires time, effort and resources.
  • Knowles Fellows may be awarded grants to cover expenses associated with purchasing classroom materials and engaging in professional development.
  • Fellows may choose to use half of their allocated funds for stipends. These stipends are intended to help Fellows reduce debts they may have incurred and the financial burden teachers often bear—both of which are factors that contribute to sustainability in the profession.
  • Supports them to plan and reflect on instruction, talks them through challenging professional dilemmas, and supports them through personal challenges. Staff also observe Fellows teach and coach them into improvement that is Fellow directed.

Requirements High school in U.S. (Science and Math)

  • Must be a beginning teacher
  • Not intended for individuals who are pursuing teaching as a way to strengthen a resume. If you are not committed to teaching for at least five years, this Fellowship is not for you.

3. Trellis Teaching Fellowship (Bay Area – CA)

Give a listen to the words from Trellis leadership team.

Features

  • Scholars receive six years of financial and professional support.
  • Five years of mentoring from accomplished math and science teacher mentors.
  • Affinity space with peers to discuss intersection of identity and teaching as an act of social justice.

Requirements Middle school/ high school in Bay Area, CA (Science & Math)

  • Applying or accepted to a partner teacher preparation program (UC-Berkley, SF State University, Sonoma State University)
  • Able and excited to learn to teach in partner, public middle and high schools in the San Francisco Bay Area
  • Ready to commit to working in California public schools for the next six years
  • Believe STEM teaching is a form of social justice